Gas range



Nov. 15, 1927.

w. ODOWD GAS RANGE Filed Sept. 18, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet l BY Z ATFORNEQ INVENTOR Nov. 15, 192?,

H. w. ODOWD GAS RANGE Filed Sept. 18, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I'NVENTOR z; ORN

Ill

Patented Nov. 15, 19127.

UNlTED TATES lfi-dilfll? PATENT HENRY W. ODOlVD, O1? JERSEY CITY, KEV! JERSEY. ASSIST-TOR TO STANDARD GAS EQUIPMENT CORPORATION.

CORICRATION OF I/IAEYLAND.

GAS RANGE.

Application filed September 18, 19535.

This invention is directed to an improved gas range having a closed smooth-surfaced cooking top and burners located beneath the front and rear portions oi the top. At tempts have been made to provide a gas range of this kind by merely substituting a closed top for the open or grid top commonly employed in the ordinary type or gas range' A range as thus constituted is very inefficient, noducing imperfect combustion and generating obnoxious carbon monoxid 't'umcs. In the course of experiments it has been found that these objections are due primarily to the fact that when all of the burners are in use, a proper quantity of secondary air fails to reach the rear burners, and moreover such air as doea reach the rear burners is badly contan'iinaicd by the products of combustion emitted from the front burners.

The present invention is intended to overcome these and various other objections. One of the characteristic features of the improved range is the provision of a burner plate interposed between the burners and the cooking top and which provides in of tect two chambers, one an upper shallow combustion or heat generating chamber having an outlet at the rear for the products of combustion, and the other a lower secondary air chamber open at the "trout and containing all of the burners, those at the front as well as those at the rear. This burner plate is formed adjacent each burner with a ondary air inlet, which in the embodiment illustrated is constituted by a group of openings leading from the secondary air chamber into the heat generating chamber and through which the individual flame jets project. According to this construction, the secondary air is supplied to all of the burners in its pure atmospheric condition and tree from contamination by the products oi? combustion, it being noted that no air enters the heat generating chamber except that which is entrained by the flame jets. Actual practice has shown that a range constructed in this manner is extiwmely etlicient, giving a maximum heating; etlicicncy with a minimum consumption of fuel. and this whether all of the burners are used singly or collectively. This and other improvements will be fully set forth in the detailed description to follow.

In the accompanying drawings:

Serial No. 57.056.

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a gas range constructed in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical section taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5-) a sectional plan view on a large scale taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, the cooking top being broken away at the rear to show the interior construction;

Fig. 4; is a plan view o1 a range like that shown in Fig. 1 but with a modified form of cooking top; and

Fig. 5 is an enlarged transverse section taken on the line 55 of Fig. 4.

In the present instance, and as shown in Fig". 1, the invention has been shown as applied to a gas range of the cabinet type, although it is evident that it is equally ap- L icaiilc to a range oi any other type. The range whose body is denoted as a whole by the reference numeral 1, is provided at the right with two superposed ovens 2 and 3, at the bait with the cooking top t located above and in spaced relation to the top wall 5 oi' the underlying; heating compartn'ient 6, and at the rear with the splasher 7, all as u 'ual except that the cooking" top is shown as of the closed smooth-surfaced 'ariety contemplated. At this point it may be noted that. at the roar of the splasher 7, the cool:- ing: top 4 is formed throughout its length with a series of outlet openings or vents 8 adapted to discharge into a flue 9 the products of combustion which issue from the heat generating chamber underlying the cooking top. This flue 9 extends laterally in the manner indicated by dotted lines in Fig. l and is also arranged to receive the products of combustion issuing from the two ovens 2 and The form and arrangement of the flue constitute no partof this invention and hence will not be dcscribcd further. although if desired reference may he had to my copending application, Serial No. 20.023 for greater details. (timing now to the invention. a hurncr plate 10 (preferably made of cast iron) islocatcd in the space between the closed cooking top t and the compartment top wall 5 and provides in eliect an upper unobstructed combustion or heat generating chamber 11 and a lower secondary air chamber 12, the burner plate thus constituting the floor or lower wall of the combustion chamber and the upper wall of the secondary air chamber. As best shown in Figs. 2 and ii, the burner means out support -for the burner plate, its side edges are formed with flanges 13 cured to the cooking top by holts l l. its thus supported. the burner plate being so. pended from the top, may he removed unit with the top or if desired it may removed independently of the top by nni as tening the bolts 1%.

Beneath the humor plate l0 and within the secondary air chain ii? are mounted a plurality of main heath Bunsen burners 15 (four in the present I tance, although the number might be greater or los two located at the front and we at e rear These burners may he of r s o form or type, those herein shc he :irculer and each formed with a ries of on ticcs or flame ports 16 which ar re ticnl l posed so as to direct the flame 12h? npwarcly at right angles to the top ant. tans allo the burners to be located in close thereto. Extending :lorwardl from the spective burners are mixing tnhes 1'? pr. vided with exterior primer air chambers 15: disposed in a row the treat oi the range and into which gas is discharged from a common manifold 19 undo the control of separate valves or stop coclts 20. cated. by tie dotted lines in Fig. $3. the mix-- ingtuhes ot the rca ln'u'ners are hent laterally to clear the trout. hornets since the rear burners are arr; ng ed in direct line with the front burners, although they need not he. The mixing tubes 1? are titled orcr the norzles of the gas cocl s 20 in the usual hot. at th rear the hurners proper are detucln ahl v suspended tr in the burner plate ll. .llhis method of siujiporting the burners is also presented in my impending application Serial No. 5?).0253, ahore referred to, and constitutes no part. Ml the pr nit im .nlion.

Directly above the several. 331711151921 burners 15, the burner plate it) is Formed with lo calized secondary air inlets. one tor each lnirner these inlets in the preferred oinhodh a. g 1 his lll(linient illustrated being in the form ii a series of nozzles 21 arranged in Vertical alignment with the gas orifice or flame ports ill and having their hores or openings tapered u; wardly as shown in E2. Preterehly and showm the orifices l6 tern'iinate helonn rather than pro'ectinto, the lower ends of the nozzles 21, arrangement pro- 5.11 Till 9 closed top ra are may lac con riding for the b and ena'ah i .inoiie iices from I 1 heat (it the flame jet. 1 d the hot in a of the air nozzles. hetero iu- 7i} tiinated. the nozzles 2i cons: tute the sole means for admitting lhe sec:

the combustion chamber ll so lint ets in hein pro gec 'jed vertically th l q r Y o i" seconda ahus ion and no more.

nozzle ope inc gs are cneolet ple F j, that. the

e .1 upon depr t'e brrner plan. serving to c h and (Ira other snhstances which combustion cl'ianiher twin placed in the open space at connection it at he noted top. usual is provided with l 4-" i hnrncrii rel'i'niwahie lids which when retirely around the underlying heat 95 chan her, and of two insert pie:

oed from the marginal.

i "1 This; conxtri.

1 inc read- 1W ie present improvements to r. pen top variety which premnl a ange like 23 and grid iinsc" In other wort insert plates for 1e huru *r oiaie ill s. an ordinary open grids, and by adding: with its a ipurlenant pm i. top range 33 he rcadi converted into nosed top range ot the Improved i'orni her d, the present in disclosed. indeed, it desire rlcn into an open top range-h removing; the rscrl plates Qi and substituting; grids in place.

lt will now be seen that; i the operation of the improved range the :e lets ot the several Bunsen burners are )rojecled up through the secondary air nmzlcs into the combustion chamber and up against the underside o'l' the close-d l llll trained by the flame jets is actually forced into the heat generating chamber so as to ensure the proper aeration of the flame jets for complete combustion without renderjets it necessary to resort to the use of a forced chimney draft with its attendant objections. The air thus entrained in its pure atmospheric condition and is in no way contan'iinated by the products of combustion. This is true under all conditions, that i to say whether one. two. three, or all four burners are in operation at a time, since the air which enters the open front of the secondary air chamber is free to pass to any one or all oi? the independent groups of nozzle openings tor entrainment by the flame jets of the individual burners. As a result, even though all four burners are in operation at the same time, secondary air is supplied to the rear burners in ample quantity and in pure atmospheric condition and without hindrance or interference on the part of the front burners. The heated products of combustion are drawn out at the rear of the combustion chamber through the flue, and in escaping give up their heat to the cooking top and the burner plate, the heating capacity of the escaping products of combustion being greatly increased by the shallow character of the combustion chamber, due to the close proximity of the burner plate to the cooking top. The burner plate, becoming hot, will in turn radiate its heat to the overlyin cooking top and aid further in promoting the heating etiiciency ot' the range in this respect. Moreover, some of the heat radiated from the burner plate will be imparted to the air entering the underlying secondary air chamher and hence enable the air to be more etl'ect-ively entrained at the flame ports. Once the cooking top is heated, one burner alone will keep it hot, since the combustion chamber is substantially co-extensive with the top and allows the heated products of combustion to be distributed uniformly throughout the entire under surface of the top. Again, the shallow character of the combustion chamber becomes important in bringing about such uniform heating of the top, the products of combustion being prerented from expanding unduly or in a Way which would dissipate the heat units. The unobstructed character of the heat generat ing chamber is important in bringing about the above results and it is also important in providing .lor the proper expansion of the burning gases within said chamber, such expansion avoiding back pressure upon the flame ports or gas orifices as well as the secondary air discharge openings and thus allowing both primary and secondary, air to be properly supplied to and mixed with the gas in a manner conducive to the greatest heating efficiency. Due to the restricted character f the nozzle openings, the pressure of the products of combustion at the flame ports, notwithstanding the shallow character ol' the combustion chamber, is reduced to a minimum, thereliiy lessening the tendency to hack ju'essurc. Moreover, since the burners are u'otected from the heat of the products ot combustion, there is less tendency to cause excessive expansion of the contained gas, and hence the entrainment of the primary air at the gas cocks is kept substantially uuil'orm at all times. These and other advantages will now the readily apparent to those skil ed in the art.

The invention is not, of course, confined lo the precise construction shown and de scribed, nor to any particular construction by which the same may be carried into efiect, as many changes may be made in the details without departing from the main prin ciples oi": the invention and without sacrificing its chief advantages. For instance, while the best results may be accomplished by providing a separate secondary air dischar e openii for each of the flame ports, obvu ly substantially the same results may be obtained by making each secondary air opening large enough to serve two or more flame p ts, so long as the relation between the cziiaigcd air opening and the associated flame ports is such as to produce the ejector elect previously noted. It should be understood, therefore, that the invention is not limited to any specific form or embodimcnt, except in so far as such limitations are set forth in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is, as follows:

i. A gas range including, in combination, a closed cooking top, Bunsen burners, each formed with a series oi [lame ports located beneath the lront portion of said top, Bunsen burners of substantially the same type and size located beneath the rear portion of said top, and a burner plate arranged between the burners and the cooking top and forming in connect-ion with the latter an unobstructed heat generating chamber having an outlet for the products of combustion, said burner plate being formed above each burner with a group oi secondary air open-- ings through which the flame jets project, the form and relation oi said air openings and the tlamc ports being such that the latter will act as ejector nozzles and the former as ejector throat openings.

2. A gas range including, in combination, a closed cooking top, Bunsen burners located beneath the front portion of said top, Bunsen burners of substantially the same size located beneath the rear portion of said top, each burner being formed with a plurality of flame ports, and a burner plate arranged between the burners and the cooking top and forming in connection with the latter an unill) lll)

& ees ii? obstructed heat generating chamber having an outlet for the products of combustion, said burner plate being fOlHl'Bfl above each burner with a group of secondary air open ings through each oi? which an individual flame jet projects.

8. A. gas range including, in combination, a closed cooking top provided at its tront with plurality of removable lids and also provided at its rear with plurality of removable lids, a Bunsen burner located be neath each ot the lop lids and each formed with a series of flame ports, and a burner plate interposed between the several burners and the cooking top and forming in connection with the latter an unobstructed heat generating chainber having; an outlet for the products of combustion, said lnirner plate being; 'lorined above each l'nirncr with a group of secondary air openings through which the flame jets project, the form and relation of said air openings and the flame ports being such that the latter will ac: as ejector nozzles and the former as ejector throat openings.

top and forming in connection with the latter an unobstructed heat generating chamber substantially co-extensive with the top and closed at the front and sides and open at the rear, and an exterior flue coniniunicating with the rear open end of the heat generating chamber the said burner plate being formed above each burn-er with a group oi: secondary air openings through which the flame jets project, the form and relation of said air openings and the flame ports being such that the latter will act as ejector nozzles and the former as ejector throat openings.

5. A gas range including, in combination, a closed cooking top, Bunsen burners located beneath the front portion of said top, Bunsen. burners ot substantially the same size located beneath the rear portion of said top and each burner being; tornied with a pin rality ot "Elaine ports. and a substantially flat burner plate arranged between the burnand the cooking top in close parallel relation to the latter and forming in connection therewith a shallow unobstructed heat generating; chamber having an outlet for the products of combustion said burner vHate being; termed above each burner with a nip oi secondary air openings located in the plane oi the plate through which the fianie jets project and stirring as ejector throat openings.

('3. il gas range including, in combination, a closed cooking top, Bunsen burners located beneath the front p rtion ot said top, Bunsen burners of sub, intially the same size located beneath the rear portion of said top, each burner being formed with a plurality oi flame ports, and a burner plate arranged between the burners and the cooking top and forming in connection with the latter a shallow, unobstructed heat generating chamber substantially coextensive with the top and having an outlet for the products of combustion, said burner plate being -formed above each burner with a group of secondary air openings through which. the flame jets project, said air openings serving as ejector throat openings and the flame ports as ejector nozzles cooperating: therewith, and the flame ports terniinatii below the lower ends of the air openings, as and for the purpose described.

in testimony whereof, I have affixed my signature hereto.

HENRY -W. ODOl VD. 

